Test Bank For Nutrition Essentials A Personal Approach 1st Edition by Schiff

Test Bank For Nutrition Essentials A Personal Approach 1st Edition by Schiff

Unit 03

Making More Nutritious Choices 

Multiple Choice Questions

1. A nutrient requirement is
A. the smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a particular level of nutritional health.
B. a biological need for a nutrient that has a margin of safety amount factored into the value.
C. the recommended daily intake of a nutrient.
D. an amount of a nutrient that ensures optimal nutritional status.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 3.01.01 Define all of the key terms in this module.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics

2. Kevin was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much niacin cures pellagra, the niacin deficiency disease. During the study, he consumed only a formula diet that was deficient in niacin. After developing pellagra, he was given 2 mg of niacin a day for 2 weeks, but he still suffered from the disease, so the scientists added 2 mg of the vitamin to Kevin’s formula. By the beginning of the 5th week of the study, the researchers noticed that Kevin’s signs and symptoms were greatly improved. At the end of the 5th week, he was feeling fine. The researchers concluded that
A. Kevin’s niacin requirement was about 4 mg a day.
B. the RDA for niacin should be 4 mg.
C. the AI for niacin should be 4 mg plus 60 mg as a margin of safety.
D. Kevin’s daily value for niacin was 4 mg a day.

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 3.01.02 Differentiate among the various dietary standards of the Dietary Reference Intakes.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics

3. Ramon was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much vitamin D is required by healthy humans. During the study, Ramon consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it did not contain vitamin D. Within a few weeks, he developed signs and symptoms of vitamin D deficiency. At that point, researchers gave 5 mcg vitamin D to Ramon each day for a week, but his signs and symptoms of the deficiency remained. The next week, the scientists added 5 mcg vitamin D to his diet, so that his formula contained 10 mcg of the vitamin. By the end of that week, Ramon reported feeling much better. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that Ramon’s
A. daily required allowance for vitamin D was about 10 mcg.
B. RDA for vitamin D was 5 mcg, plus a margin of safety amount of 5 mcg.
C. AMDR for vitamin D was between 5 and 10 mcg.
D. requirement for vitamin D was 10 mcg.

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 3.01.02 Differentiate among the various dietary standards of the Dietary Reference Intakes.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics

4. Kayla was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much vitamin C cures scurvy, the vitamin’s deficiency disease. During the study, Kayla consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it did not contain vitamin C. Within a few weeks, Kayla developed scurvy. At that point, researchers gave 2 mg vitamin C to Kayla each day for a week, but her signs and symptoms of scurvy remained. In the weeks that followed, the scientists continued to increase Kayla’s intake of the vitamin by 2 mg/week. After a week of taking 10 mg of vitamin C/day, Kayla reported feeling much better. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that Kayla’s
A. EER for vitamin C was about 10 mg.
B. requirement for vitamin C was 10 mg.
C. AI for vitamin C was 100 mg, which was 10 times the amount that cured her case of scurvy.
D. RDA for vitamin C was 10 mg, plus 15 mg as a margin of safety.

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 3.01.01 Define all of the key terms in this module.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics

5. A group of 50 adult male humans were in a clinical study to determine how much niacin is toxic. During the first two weeks of the study, members of the group consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it contained 24 mg niacin, which is 1.5 times the RDA for niacin (males). At that point in the study, all members reported feeling fine, and they could function normally. During the next week, they were given a formula that contained 48 mg niacin. Within a few days of consuming this formula, 90% of the participants reported feeling ill, and they complained of having upset stomachs and reddened facial skin.  At that point, researchers gave the subjects a formula that contain 16 mg niacin. After a week of consuming the new formula, all participants reported feeling well again. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that the
A. EER for niacin was 16 mg/day.
B. UL for niacin was between 24 and 48 mg/day.
C. human requirement for niacin is 16 mg/day.
D. AMDR for niacin is between 16 and 24 mg/day.

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 3.01.02 Differentiate among the various dietary standards of the Dietary Reference Intakes.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics

6. Josh was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much thiamin cures beriberi, the vitamin’s deficiency disease. During the study, Josh consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it did not contain thiamin. Within a few weeks, Josh developed beriberi. At that point, researchers gave 0.20 mg thiamin to Josh each day for a week, but his signs and symptoms of beriberi remained. In the weeks that followed, the scientists continued to increase Josh’s intake of the vitamin by 0.2 mg/week. After a week of taking 0.6 mg of thiamin/day, Josh reported feeling much better. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that Josh’s
A. RDA for thiamin was 0.6 mg/day.
B. UL for thiamin was 0.20 mg/day.
C. AMDR for thiamin was between 0.2 and 0.6 mg/day.
D. requirement for thiamin was 0.6 mg/day.

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 3.01.02 Differentiate among the various dietary standards of the Dietary Reference Intakes.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics

7. Recently, Miriah participated in a study that was designed to determine how much iron is necessary to prevent iron deficiency. Within a few weeks of consuming an iron-free diet, Miriah’s red blood cells began to show signs that they lacked iron, and she began to complain about feeling tired. At that point, the researcher added some iron to Miriah’s food, so her daily intake of the mineral would be 1 mg.  After 1 week, the researchers checked the iron content of Miriah’s blood, and although it was higher than the earlier value, she still complained about feeling tired. In the weeks that followed, the scientists continued to increase Miriah’s iron intake by 1 mg/week and check her for signs and symptoms of iron deficiency. After a week of taking 6 mg of iron/day, she reported feeling like “her old self” and having plenty of energy. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that Miriah’s
A. UL for iron was 6 mg, plus 3 mg as a margin of safety.
B. RDA for iron was 6 mg.
C. body required 6 mg iron/day.
D. AMDR for iron was 6 mg/day.

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 3.01.02 Differentiate among the various dietary standards of the Dietary Reference Intakes.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics

8. The amount of vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population’s need for the nutrient is the _____ for the vitamin.
A. RDA
B. EAR
C. UL
D. %DV

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 3.01.02 Differentiate among the various dietary standards of the Dietary Reference Intakes.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics

9. A team of scientists determines that 50% of healthy women who are between 19 and 30 years of age need 40 mg of a vitamin to prevent developing the vitamin’s deficiency disorder. Based on this information, the
A. women will develop the vitamin’s toxicity disorder when they consume between 40 and 50 mg of the vitamin on a daily basis for about 10 weeks.
B. scientists can determine the RDA for the vitamin.
C. women can meet their AMDR for the vitamin by consuming at least 40 mg/day.
D. UL for the vitamin will be based on the EER value.

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 3.01.02 Differentiate among the various dietary standards of the Dietary Reference Intakes.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics

10. Which of the following statements is true?
A. If you do not consume 100% of the RDA for vitamin C each day, you have a high risk of developing the vitamin’s deficiency disease.
B. Dietitians use MyPyramid as the standard for assessing a population’s nutrient adequacy.
C. Dietitians use Daily Values to determine the nutritional adequacy of Americans’ diets.
D. The RDA for vitamin E meets the needs of nearly all healthy persons.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 3.01.02 Differentiate among the various dietary standards of the Dietary Reference Intakes.
Module: 3.01 Requirement s and Recommendations
Section: 3.01a Introducing the DRIs
Topic: Nutrition Basics